Danford Botko

The Tower of Babel story is an important one when it comes to discussions of the Old Testament. One straightforward interpretation of the story is that it was originally a way for people to explain the linguistic differences they perceived in the world. Today, linguists have a strong understanding of how languages evolve and diverge from one another, but the people who wrote the Old Testament did not have access to that knowledge. The story of the Tower of Babel provides a succinct explanation of linguistic and cultural differences around the world, using a framework that would have been easy to understand at the time.

Another way of understanding the story of the Tower of Babel is as a demonstration of the power of God. The Old Testament is full of stories of God altering the world in extraordinary ways, including the story of Noah's ark and the flood. The Tower of Babel echoes the theme that God is all-powerful. He cares how his people behave, and if he sees something that he does not like, he has the ability to punish people for their infractions. When people get too ambitious or believe that they can be like God, they might find that God takes notice and is displeased. The story suggests that collaboration between people can result in extraordinary achievements, which could be read as a celebration of human cooperation.

The Old Testament is not the only text to feature a story with the events and themes associated with the Tower of Babel. An ancient Sumerian myth called Enmerkar and the Lord of Aratta may have partially inspired the story of the Tower of Babel. In the myth, Enmerkar is the king of Uruk and the son of a god. He wants to build an elaborate temple for the god Enki but lacks the resources to do so. His sister, the goddess Inanna, helps him threaten the lord of the nearby city of Aratta to gain the stone and jewels necessary for construction.

The surviving versions of the narrative are incomplete, but the conclusion is that, after some back and forth, Enmerkar is successful in getting Aratta's resources and in building his elaborate temple. This version is something of an inversion of the Tower of Babel since the story's protagonist succeeds in completing his construction. However, because Enmerkar is connected to the gods, it is possible to read the people of Aratta as the humans and Enmerkar as God, thwarting human desires to use their resources if their choices displease him.

There are some other myths that echo the story of the Tower of Babel found all around the world. Many myths and stories have these coincidental echoes in various human cultures. In what is now Mexico, there are myths associated with the Great Pyramid of Cholula. Some of these myths say that giants originally built the pyramid in an attempt to gain access to Heaven. The gods then destroyed part of the pyramid and stopped the builders from being able to understand each other. The source for this version of the myth is a Dominican friar who claimed to have heard it from a local man; it is possible that his account emphasized similarities with the story of the Tower of Babel, with which he was already familiar.

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U.S. Congress . (1958) United States Code: Uniform Code of Military Justice, 10 U.S.C. §§ 801-940 . [Periodical] Retrieved from the Library of Congress , https://www.loc.gov/item/uscode1958-002010047/.

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