Rajinikanth Howze

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In this way of creating an indicator, we will look at the example of the True_Strength_Index_ver3 indicator being refined in the article "Applying an indicator to another indicator" The signal line can be used to choose the type and period of smoothing for the indicator. The process consists of 8 stages. 1. A copy of the file is needed.

Save the True_Strength_Index_ver3 indicator in the MetaEditor with a new name. The root folder of the terminal is where the new file should be saved. There are 2.

The properties of the indicator

The indicator_buffers and indicator_plots properties are in the indicator code. The total number of indicator buffers and the number of buffers to be displayed on the chart are defined by the indicator_buffers and indicator_plots properties. One of the eight buffers used in the indicator is shown in a graph. We have to add another buffer to the graph.

The values of indicatorbuffers and indicatorplots should be increased.

There are 3. The new buffer has display properties.

The new buffer's display properties should be defined. The indicator uses the existing code. The code that defines the first line of the indicator can be copied with the mouse.

The code should be below the first line properties.

Since the second buffer is the property of 1 properties, change the number of properties from 1 to 2.

The name of the line that is displayed in the help popup should be changed to the name of the data window. The buffer should appear as a line, you don't have to change anything in the indicator_type2 property. The new line will have the color red if the indicator_color2 property is changed to Red.

The signal line is the same as the first one. The indicator_width2 property should not be changed either.

4.

External variables should be declared.

Below the code line properties are External variables that can be changed via the prompt. Period and type of smoothing are the parameters of the signal line.

Declare an external variable of type int with the value 5 and call it "sp" (smoothing period), and a variable of the type ENUM_MA_METHOD called "sm" (smoothing method) with the value MODE_EMA (the signal line will have a smoothing period of 5 and a default smoothing type exponential). The code contains external variables.

5. A new buffer can be created by declaring an array.

The array will be used by the indicator buffer. You can find the OnInit function in the code by locating the SetIndexBuffer function calls. The True_Strength_Index_ver3 indicator has a number of different types ofArrays.

The buffer is displayed on the chart with the help of the function SetIndexBuffer(). The INDICATOR_CALCULATIONS is used to call all other arrays. The arrays are used for intermediate computations.

The new buffer should appear on the chart, so we'll declare it after declaring the TSIBuffer array to maintain logical order and easier code navigation.

The first thing we need to do is declare two arrays for the buffers shown in the graph.

There are 6. An array with a buffer.

This is a crucial moment and requires special attention. The association is carried out using a function.

The function call has three parameters: the index of the array, the name of the array and the purpose of the buffer. The indicator properties window has a "Colors" tab that shows buffer locations in the same order as they are drawn on a chart, first buffer 0, then buffer 1 on top, etc.

We will keep the order of calls of the SetIndexBuffer functions, even though it's not necessary to call the function sequential for buffers with 0, 1, and 2. After calling the function for the TSIBuffer array, the TSISigBuffer array call is executed. The next buffer must have an index 1 because the mainline buffer has an index 0.

The constant inDICATOR_DATA is the third parameters of the SetIndexBuffer function call.

The SetIndexBuffer function can be called in a manner compatible with incrementing the value of the first parameter if the rest of the buffer is re-indexed.

It is recommended to maintain the sequence of calls to the SetIndexBuffer function according to the increment of the indexes. Less attention and work would be required in the case of further improvements.

Two of the eight buffers are shown on the graph. Make sure that the values are the same in the indicator buffer and indicator plot properties.

7. The signal line's values should be calculated.

The main line of the indicator shows the moving average.

The delivery of the client terminal includes a library for calculating moving averages on a data array. Which is already included in the indicator code.

The only thing left to do is use its features. The OnCalculate function will find a point where the indicator's main line has finished. The search function will be used to find the name of the array in the part of the code where it is declared.

You can run the MetaEditor from "Toolbar", "Edit", "Find and Replace", or by using the key combination of "F" and "J".

There is a fig. 1. The name of the array was chosen.

The word "TSIBuffer" is written in the "Search Next" field of the "Search" window. "Up" can be found in the "Address" part.

When the " Find" window is open, put the scrull right after the OnCalculate function and press the " Find Next" button to find the location where the calculations are performed. The calculations are carried out in the "for" loop. The signal line calculation code will be added after this loop.

There is a fig. The last location of the calculation was found. A red frame marks the loop where the calculations are carried out.

The MovingAverages.mqh library contains functions for the calculation of the four main types of moving averages.

All of these functions have the same parameters.

The moving average calculation is performed with the help of the function's price. The moving average values will be stored in the buffer.

The rates_total and prev_calculated parameters are the same as the rates_total and prev_calculated parameters of the OnCalculate function. The begin is the index of an element of the array.

We need to carefully define the begin parameter because of the peculiarity of the moving averages calculation in the MovingAverages.mqh library

The source data values start with the TSIBuffer array, so it's not a good idea to point to an array element that is older than that. If the later element does not lead to errors in the calculations, then it is allowed.

The loop starts from the value of the start variable, so pay attention to the parameters of the for loop, where the values of the TSIBuffer array are calculated. When the value of prev_calculated is equal to zero, we need to find out the start variable's value.

The value of the variable "start" is calculated just before the loop, using the following formula.

The moving average calculation function must have the same value as the begin variable.

The variable begin2 should be declared and assigned the value begin+r+s-1 after the calculation.

The switch operator is used to allow the use of different smoothing functions. Write the call of the corresponding function for each variant of the variable sm.

The indicator with the signal line can be seen after that. Click the "Compile" button and open the client terminal to associate the indicator with a chart.

There is a fig. 3. The indicator has a signal line of blue, red and new.

There are 8.

The start of the drawing.

If you scroll to the left, you will see that the indicator draws some lines in the part where the values have not been calculated. It doesn't offer good looks.

There is a fig. 4.

There is a representation of the indicator in the part where the calculation is not carried out.

The number of first bars on which the buffer is not drawn can be defined using the PlotIndexSetInteger function. The function call must be made from the indicator's OnInit function. Before the return(0) call, add the function call at the end of OnInit.

Press the "Compile" button again to get a correct start to the indicator drawing.

There is a fig. 5. The beginning of the indicator display has been changed.

We will use the example of creating an indicator of convergence and divergence of the main and signal lines of the TSIs indicator to analyze this way. The indicator will have two colors, AO and AC, in its histogram.

If the indicator value goes up, the histogram will be green, if it goes down, it will be red. You can use the iCustom or Indicator create function to reference another indicator. Let's take a look at creating an indicator using the iCustom function.

1.

There is a new indicator.

Let's make a new indicator.

To create a new indicator in MetaEditor, it is necessary to execute it from the "Toolbar", "File", "New", or "Custom Indicator". Click the "Add" button if you want to add the new indicator - TSIsCDiCust. It will be easier to copy all the external parameters from the TSIs indicator if an external parameter is added.

There is a fig. 6. The first thing to do is create a custom indicator.

The next button is pressed.

The indicator will be rendered in a separate window in the next window.

Don't indicate a minimum or maximum. The name of the buffer and its type will be displayed in a pop-up window when hovering over the indicator line and in the data window.

There are several color examples in the "Colors" field. Don't change the others, give the color Green for the first example and Red for the second.

The values of the TSIs indicator will be received and stored by the two additional buffers called Tsi and TsiSignal.

There is a fig. The second step is to create a custom indicator.

The new indicator template will open in MetaEditor if you click the "Finish" button.

2. The indicator and indicator buffer properties should be changed.

The value of the #property indicator_buffers is equal to 4 in stage 1 The indicator values are used for the color histogram, and the first buffer is used to define the colors of the second buffer.

The property indicator_buffers should not be changed. Only one buffer should be displayed on the plot if the property indicator_plots value is set to 1

All indicator properties ending with 2 and 3 should be removed from the chart.

The indicator_color1 property should be changed to only the first two colors.

3. The declaration of external parameters.

If you want to change the current Input1 external variable with parameters, open the TSIs indicator and copy all its external variables.

There are 4. Call the indicator if you want to control a variable.

If you want to call it Handle, you need to declare in the general part of the indicator a variable of type int.

At the end of OnInit, call the iCustom function. We need to receive the values of the indicator from the function that returned control. The function returns the value to the Handle variable.

The symbol and time period used in indicator calculations are defined by the first two parameters of the iCustom function. The symbol and time period for the indicator should be defined.

The name of the custom indicator is the thirdParameter. The external parameters of the called indicator are listed.

5. The OnCalculate function should be prepared.

The OnCalculate function is the next one to be moved on to.

The first form of the InCalculate function is used to calculate the TSIs indicator. The function onCalculate is changed from the second form to the first form.

There will be more indicator work done within this function.

There are 6. Define the limits of the calculation.

The limits of the range of processed bars are the most important and priority for the development of an indicator. We need to calculate the indicator for each bar at the beginning of the indicator, only for the one that is currently formed. The start time of the indicator can be found by using the value of the variable prev_calculated. If this value is equal to zero, it is the first execution of the OnCalculate function since the indicator was started.

The first bar from which the calculations should start is defined in the OnCalculate function.

The indicator value is determined by the number of bars needed to calculate it.

The slope of the indicator line requires two bars, so we need another bar. The value of the variable begin is known, so we start the calculation of the bars from the start.

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