Ferlin Toscanini

Job Definition Format (JDF) is a technical standard being developed by the graphic arts industry to facilitate cross-vendor workflow implementations of the application domain. It is an XML format about job ticket, message description, and message interchange. JDF is managed by CIP4, the International Cooperation for the Integration of Processes in Prepress, Press and Postpress Organization. JDF was initiated by Adobe Systems, Agfa, Heidelberg and MAN Roland in 1999 but handed over to CIP3 at Drupa 2000. CIP3 then renamed itself CIP4.

The initial focus was on sheetfed offset and digital print workflow, but has been expanded to web(roll)-fed systems, newspaper workflows and packaging and label workflows.

It is promulgated by the prepress industry association CIP4, and is generally regarded as the successor to CIP3's Print Production Format (PPF) and Adobe Systems' Portable Job Ticket Format (PJTF).

The JDF standard is at revision 1.5. The process of defining and promulgating JDF began circa 1999. The standard is in a fairly mature state; and a number of vendors have implemented or are in the process of implementing it. JDF PARC, a multivendor JDF interoperability demonstration, was a major event at the 2004 Drupa print industry show, and featured 21 vendors demonstrating, or attempting to demonstrate interoperability between a total of about forty pairs of products.

JDF is an extensible format. It defines both JDF files and JMF, a job messaging format based on XML over HTTP. In practice, JDF-enabled products can communicate with each other either by exchanging JDF files, typically via "hot folders", or the net or by exchanging JMF messages over the net.

Acrobat 7 includes a menu item to create a JDF file linked to a PDF file. This starts with the 'intent' for the job. More JDF detail is added later in various steps of the production workflow.

As is typical of workflow applications, the JDF message contains information that enables each "node" to determine what files it needs as input and where they are found, and what processes it should perform. It then modifies the JDF job ticket to describe what it has done, and examines the JDF ticket to determine where the message and accompanying files should be sent next.

The goal of CIP4 and the JDF format is to encompass the whole life cycle of a print and cross-media job, including device automation, management data collection and job-floor mechanical production process, including even such things as bindery, assembly of finished products on pallets.

Before JDF can be completely realized, more vendors need to accept the standard. Therefore, few users have been able to completely utilize the benefits of the JDF system. In finishing and binding, and printing there is a tradition of automation and few large enough dominating companies that can steer the development of JDF system. But it is still necessary for the manufacturers of business systems to fully support JDF. The same progress has not been made here probably because many of these companies are small specialty companies who haven't the resource to manage such development and who don't specialize on graphic production.

In addition, there is a huge amount of large-capital production machinery already existing in the trade which is incompatible with JDF. The graphic arts business is shrinking yearly and any large-capital decision is much more a risk than in previous years. The underlying incentive to adopt JDF is not sufficient in most cases to cause owners to abandon "acceptable" machinery that they presently have in favour of a large-capital purchase of somewhat faster, JDF-compliant capital goods. This is especially true in markets where large amounts of non-compliant production machinery are being sold in the used-equipment market and auction sales at considerable reductions in price from new equipment.

Before describing the implementation of proofing in JDF, it's better to know a little about the terminology that will be used.

The original input files have to be processed to be printed on the final press (interpreting, rendering, screening, color management....) and the same to be printed on the proofer (different characteristics). The decision on which of the processing steps will be executed once (common both for printing on the proofer and on the press) and which not will depend on many parameters (characteristics of the proofer device, user requirements, workflow requirements…). The proofing has to take in account the consistency between the press and the proofer.

In JDF 1.1, proofing and soft proofing were defined as an atomic process on which the input were all the parameters required for a successful process. This has some drawbacks:

From JDF 1.2 proofing and soft proofing were deprecated in behalf of a combined process to specify the proofing workflow. The job ticket explicitly defines the processing and provides the flexibility to implement them in different workflows. In order to do that, the atomic processes were made capable of keeping all the information necessary to specify different configurations/options.

It is impossible to describe proofing by a unique combination of processes which in turn will depend on the capabilities of the RIPs (Raster image processor), the devices used for proofing and the proofing production workflow. It is still possible to define a generic combined process for the proofing. This will allow it to describe its step in a workflow. The generic combined proofing process combines the following JDF processes:

The ordering is not completely strict (same result may be achieved with different order combination of steps), but there are some precedence rules: the first color space conversion must be done before the second one, rendering must be done after interpreting, screening in turn must be done after rendering and the second color conversion, ImageSetting/DigitalPrinting must be done after screening.

Compared to proofing, since no printed proof is produced, no ImageSetting/DigitalProofing processes are required. Moreover, the rendered data is sent directly to the Approval process that must implement a user interface to show those data on the display and allow him/her to approve/reject the proof and eventually annotate it using digital signature. All the ordering consideration are still valid.

In a production workflow with proofing, there must be both the conversion of the input asset color spaces to the press color space and the one of press color space to the proofer color space. So in JDF two different ColorSpaceConversion processes are required and depending on the exact workflow and on the capabilities of the devices, they can be included in the same combined process.

Input data to the proofing combined process usually required both interpreting (with the exception of JDF ByteMap) and rendering. In these cases they will be included in the combined process describing the proofing step.

Two possibilities:

For printing the proof ImageSetting/DigitalPrinting process has to be specified at the end of the proofing combined process in order to define how the proof is actually printed.

Must be executed before the final production printing can be started.

HP incorporates JDF into its proofing products. Even if it's only one step in the total process JDF cuts time from the printing process making printers more efficient because proofing traditional generation and delivery of proofs can take days.

HP sends PDF files to a remote proofing. JDF file enables the inclusion of job information (color profiles, job ticket details...) that is sent to the client. In the future marking up the proof and digital signatures for approval will be implemented.

1145 interrogative sentences As has been said before.

Direct or indirect: the latter. They are not part of others as subjects, terms or complement. This is not the same as the hints.

1145 There is a minimum of 40.

In direct interrogations. Question using or without interrogative pronouns.

Use the pronouns to ask.

What? From the word who. When.

The examples follow. The question is indicated by the turn of the voice. corresponds to the signs. Is that correct?

1146 There is a report about (391). Finally, or use, is made.

Inform us of what we don't know. "Who is it?" It can be either to express ignorant or doubt.

How angry is he? To deny the very thing that we appear to be. To ask, meaning by.

Nothing, by whom, nobody. Where, ever, for when, ever. How, by no means, etc.

It is implied that I have left. any.

It is implied that "Who would imagine such a thing?" How could I imagine that? It means that it is evil.

No way. Also,

The same turn to mean strangeness, admiration, and admiration. As if we doubted the existence of that very thing.

The question is in this case. There is a figure of speech 137.

1147 There is a number of 362.

Before. It has been seen that the words. The negative phrases are very different. That was a proposition of a different kind. Nobody went to see him.

He didn't find him busy. There is a person There is a There is a The number is 327

There is a There is a person If we make the negation implicit. We'll ask who went to see him. What?, etc.

1147 (b).

The. Interrogative neuter is what it is.

Is it sometimes adverbial? He is closest to enjoying his. His fortune?

The two people areBaralt andDiaz. The question mark has been removed. We would say the same thing.

Man does not know.

1149. (b).

There is a novelty in the use of. Interrogative neuter is what. It is to build yourself with the article.

The interrogation is reduced to a single word. What:

If the ellipsis were filled.

It would be necessary to remove the article. What is the purpose of it? bill? In this, too. We see verified again that.

The neuter gender is not the same as the masculine gender. The agreement of the two words.

1150 The conjunction.

Rather, it generally implies denial. It's used with great propriety in the questions. It's linking the nouns with the other ones.

What? The complement and who are included.

Mode with that. How, of place.

Where, of time. When.

1151 (d).

This denial has an effect. The interrogative sentence is something that happens.

Sometimes the conjunction precedes it. When it was properly compatible. Any of the other conjunctions. me.

"If these." That served. The privileged faculties deserved more immediately. What would be the prize that was going to be scarce?

Natural and exact sciences? And what could they be? Theater progress? It was to be applied to a study that was so far away. The path of fortune is neglected by the higher classes.

It was only the vile who hated those who called themselves scholars. Should he be rewarded for his success?

Moratin. Is it clear? The clause is negative by the sole effect. Enough. And instead of.

nor, as in the previous clause. This is a kind of pleonasm. As it were, implicit negations are no longer implicit.

To be.

1152 And. There are indirect questions. The clause can be used as a subject, term, or a subclause.

It is not known what will happen. What will these things do? The construction is quasi-reflex. It means something.

There is a There is a person There is a There is a person

I was unsure about whether to do that. " came out or not" is the term.

on. "Historians are." divided over which of his brothers. "Don Don attacked first"

The same term. They asked us about it. The construction is accusative because of what we wanted. The thing that is asked is referred to as the active clause.

What would be left on land? It's known and without someone to guide me. Consider.

1154.

F. Every question.

hint asks for a question word to introduce it. We will show previous examples in the ones we present.

1155

The person who advertises. That doesn't precede the proposition. In two cases, interrogative is done after the verbs.

When it means to ask He told him where his friend was. "Which way he was in that place." He heard the news.

What was he going to do? Your grace to return so much for that queen Majimasa is amazing. He had to make fun of me and say that. "What is it that Saint Paul wants to see from heaven?" asked Saint Teresa.

Y. After the end of the sentence. I asked him what he did.

"Where do I know?", who was complaining? "Who brought him?" "What if he decided to leave?"

The East. What after the word?

It is not aastic, but it is. allows use.

1155 (h).

The question admits. It's indicative or subjunctive, but not always.

Is that correct? "You don't know who."

There is. The fact that using the indicative confirms the news. The news has been given, which is somewhat doubtful.

subjunctive. But when it is related to the future.

There is a possibility that two verbs can be themselves. It is not known who the party is. The one who has to be taken is expressed in this sentence. The person who does not know which one is the same person who has not yet chosen.

It is not known who the party is. Will take, that's what it means.

The choice of the party is not the same as the agents. The person who does not know it is subject to the will. In the same way. I know that.

Come out, suits you. I don't know if the will is resolved.

I will leave, to the mere doubt of you. If I say that. I make a decision about the exit.

It is subject to my discretion. I will leave, I imply that it is.

I'm independent of myself.

1156 In interrogative sentences. How much can be solved?

How much? How in. "How far is the city from the port?"

How great is this? No way can I understand it, but the one who has it. "I have been experienced."

This resolution is worth noting. Outside of interrogations, it has hardly any use.

We ask, that is, in which we ask for an answer. The sentences are exclamatory.

There is a There is a The number is 327

There is a There is a Interrogatives are reduced to that. As soon as they are made by the same means, they admit it. The indirect ones, like the previous one of Luis de Granada, unless we give.

Another twist to the phrase. So of. What action is being taken? That one was so generous.

"What a building?" Can also be beautiful! Shut up on the exclamations.

clothed in the strength of him What is it? "What a beautiful building!"

1157 (j).

It is solved the same way. Which one is it? How are you? More normal.

How much is in? It extends to everything. Interrogative and exclamatory proposition are genres.

How will the work be done? There are some rigs. Grenade is a word. This resolution can sometimes be.

It is not possible to say which one you thought. Is it comedy? What has come? The need to distinguish two meanings.

What is the house that you live in? He wonders if lives? What home? How is the house?

I would ask. What are the qualities of it?

1158

(k). The same thing must happen when. "If these are the winners, what will the loser be like?", alluding to people.

If they have not been the beneficiaries. Which ones? Who were they? The distinction of people.

1158

He. What is that? When built with. They are often used for each other.

1st poem: