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Tang ping (Chinese: 躺平; pinyin: tǎng píng; lit. 'lying flat') is a Mandarin term that describes a rejection of societal pressures to overwork, such as in the 996 working hour system, which is often regarded as a rat race with ever diminishing returns.[1][2][3][4] Those who participate in tang ping instead choose to "lie down flat and get over the beatings"[citation needed] via a low-desire, more indifferent attitude towards life. It can be thought as the Chinese equivalent of the hippie counter-culture movement.[5]

Novelist Liao Zenghu described "lying flat" as a resistance movement,[6] and The New York Times called it part of a nascent Chinese counterculture.[7] It has also been compared to the Great Resignation, a surge of resignations that began in the United States and much of the Western world at roughly the same time.[8][9][10] The National Language Resources Monitoring and Research Center, an institution affiliated to Education Ministry of China, listed the word as one of the 10 most popular memes for 2021 in the Chinese Internet. Chinese search engine Sogou also listed the word at the top of its list of most trending memes for 2021.[11]

Unlike the hikikomori in Japan who are socially withdrawn, these young Chinese people who subscribe to "lying flat" are not necessarily socially isolated, but merely choose to lower their professional and economic ambitions and simplify their goals, still being fiscally productive for their own essential needs, and prioritize psychological health over economic materialism.[12]

The phrase “quiet quitting”, meaning doing only what one's job demands and nothing more, which became popular in the United States in 2022, was thought to be inspired by the Tang Ping movement.[13][14] Another newer related phrase is bai lan (Chinese: 摆烂; pinyin: bǎi làn; lit. 'let it rot'), which means "to actively embrace a deteriorating situation, rather than trying to turn it around".[15]

Bailan refers to actions from a losing team when they stop trying to win so they can end the game.[16] This term first appeared around February 2020, at the beginning of the pandemic, which is on the Chinese Internet.[17] But, the movement began in April 2021 with a post by Luo Huazhong (username "Kind-Hearted Traveler") on the internet forum Baidu Tieba, in which he discussed his reasons for living a low-key, minimalist lifestyle. In 2016, 26-year-old Luo quit his factory job because it made him feel empty. He then cycled 2,100 km (1,300 mi) from Sichuan to Tibet, and now back in his home town Jiande in eastern Zhejiang Province, spends his time reading philosophy, and gets by doing a few odd jobs and taking US$60 a month from his savings.[18][7] He only eats two meals a day.[18]

Luo's post, entitled with "Lying Flat is Justice", illustrates:

Luo's post and story quickly gained a following on social media, being discussed and soon becoming a buzzword on Sina Weibo and Douban. The idea was praised by many and inspired numerous memes, and has been described as a sort of spiritual movement.[1] Business magazine ABC Money claimed it resonated with a growing silent majority of youth disillusioned by the officially endorsed "Chinese Dream" that encourages a life of hard work and sacrifice with no actual life satisfaction to show for it, spawning the catchphrase "a chive lying flat is difficult to reap" (躺平的韭菜不好割, Tǎng píng de jiǔcài bù hǎo gē).[19]

The Chinese Communist Party (CCP) moved quickly to reject the idea. The CAC internet regulator ordered online platforms to "strictly restrict" posts on tang ping and had censors remove Luo's original Tieba post[20] while a discussion group of nearly 10,000 followers on Chinese social media site Douban is no longer accessible.[21] Selling tang ping-branded merchandise online is forbidden.[7]

In May 2021, Chinese state media Xinhua published an editorial asserting that "lying flat" is shameful.[22][23] In May, a video clip of CCTV news commentator Bai Yansong criticizing the low-key mindset circulated on the popular video-sharing website Bilibili,[12] and had attracted thousands of mockeries and slurs on the danmu commentaries in response.[24][25] The same month, a commentary of Hubei Radio and Television Economic Channel said, "you can accept your fate, but you mustn't lie flat."[26] An October article by CCP general secretary Xi Jinping, published in the Communist Party journal Qiushi, called for "avoiding 'involution' [nei juan] and 'lying flat'".[9][27]

However, there were official voices offering more empathic opinions on the tang ping phenomenon. Beijing's party-affiliated Guangming Daily newspaper added that tang ping should not be discounted without reflection—if China wants to cultivate diligence in the young generation, it should first try to improve their quality of life.[12] Huang Ping, a literature professor who researches youth culture at East China Normal University, told Sixth Tone that official media outlets may be concerned about the tang ping lifestyle because of its potential to threaten productivity, but "humans aren't merely tools for making things... when you can't catch up with society's development—say, skyrocketing home prices—tang ping is actually the most rational choice."[28]

But it is possible—and many people do—reheat pre-cooked ham. Here's a bit more about how to do that properly.

Cooked vs. uncooked? City vs. country? What does it all mean? When you're shopping for your holiday ham, you've got a few decisions to make.

Country hams are dry-cured with spices, which takes longer than city hams. They have a saltier flavor and are less common on a holiday tablescape because of that. Country hams usually come uncooked, meaning that they require more preparation. You might know them from your breakfast biscuits.

If you're hoping to take the hard work out of the holidays, opt for a city ham. City hams are cured in a salt water solution with various seasonings before being smoked, cooked, and packaged. They come boneless and bone-in, depending on your preference.

If you want to add a flavorful homemade glaze (skip those sauce packets that come with the ham—we have lots of options), or prefer your meat hot, you can heat a pre-cooked ham up in the oven. Just make sure that you have a meat thermometer handy, because you don't want it to overcook and dry out. A ham is a big cut of meat, and when you want to glaze it, it will require several hours in a low temperature oven—even though it's fully cooked—to get that wonderfully sticky, caramelized exterior.

There are many glaze options to choose from—it's all about what you want from your ham. (It is, however, surprising how often pineapple comes into play when tackling a ham.)

A typical brown sugar-bourbon glaze is used on our Glazed Ham with Pineapple Chutney. With the Citrus Glazed Ham option, a sweet and salty flavor takes the stage. For the Port Wine Ham Glaze, it is the rich use of Cumberland Sauce that elevates the ham.

Our recipe for Maple-Bourbon Glazed Ham is easy to prepare, and the five-ingredient glaze is made from ingredients you already have on hand. The glaze forms a sweet, crunchy, and sticky crust on the salty, juicy ham—all the flavors and textures you want from a memorable holiday ham.

Once you've chosen your glaze, place the ham, cut-side-down, in a heavy-duty aluminum foil-lined jelly-roll pan. Let it stand at room temperature for 30 minutes. Brush 1/2 cup of the glaze over the ham with a heatproof spatula or pastry brush. Move the oven rack to the lowest position and preheat the oven to 350°F.

Bake the ham in the preheated oven, uncovered, for 2 1/2 to 3 hours or until a meat thermometer inserted into the thickest portion registers 140°F, basting every 30 minutes with 1/2 cup of the glaze. Remove the ham from the oven, and spoon the pan drippings over it. Let the glazed ham stand 10 minutes before slicing and serving.

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