Desh Nandwani

There are three commands you can use to find out what the IP address of a website is, and they’re all easy to use. Let’s see what you’re required to do:

The “ping” command makes it easy to, not only find out a website’s IP address, but also other relevant information about its server.

Once the command is run through completely, it will display some relevant statistics about the website, which will be addressed as its IP address, like round-trip times and packets sent and received.

Read: How to set a Static IP Address in Windows

Executing the nslookup command on Command Prompt is as easy as it was with the ping command. Although it doesn’t provide you with as much intel as the former does, it’s executed quicker. Therefore, when your sole purpose is to get the IP address, then the nslookup command should be preferred.

There is a possibility, however, that this command might not work for some websites. This is because it works only when the IP address owner has inserted a PTR record in the DNS.

Related: What’s my IP Address?

Thirdly, you can make use of the Tracert command. The unique thing about this command is that it doesn’t ping the web address, but instead shows you the fastest connection speed between servers/connections.

You can find the website’s IP address next to the “tracing route to:”. If you want to further trace the IP address, to see where the signal originates from, you can use websites like ipaddress.com.

If you don’t want to deal with executable commands, then you can make use of online tools like Global DNS checker to do the needful.

The purpose of the nslookup command is to query internet domain name servers in two modes; interactive and noninteractive mode. The interactive mode allows you to survey name servers for information about various hosts and domains, whereas, in the noninteractive mode, the information is limited to a specified host or domain.

In order to find the IP address of a website in the Google Chrome browser, you need to use the Developer Tools. Open a website, right-click on it and select the Inspect option. Then, switch to the Network tab and reload the same webpage. Next, click on the website’s header and find the General menu. It is also called Remote Address.

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Let's get started now.

You need to know what cookies are and their relationship with server-side sessions to better understand this article.

We can ask the first question if we know the difference between cookies and sessions and how they work together.

I'm happy with how simple it is to use cookies and sessions in my web applications, and I've been using them to manage user authentication.

The new and more appropriate is to use JWT, according to an Apple developer.

He told me that JWT is the way to go to make native mobile apps work with authentication. He commented on the problems with cookies in the apps for the iPad and the Android device.

I've searched for information but haven't found anything that proves that cookies are superior to json web token. I have not been able to find a significant difference between them and me, so they are not recommended for use with native mobile applications.

I think it is possible to use Cookies in the development of the app.

What are the advantages of using JWT instead of Cookies for user verification in a mobile application?

As software developers, we tend to apply everything new that we find.

If we suddenly find ourselves with a hammer that we have not seen before, we begin to see everything as a "nail", as an example. We need to apply everything new that we are learning.

Going back to the original question.

It is correct that both are used in the same system.

Cookies are used in web applications to keep track of users' logs.

They don't have to submit their credentials with every request.

A cookie's content is determined by a unique (randomly generated) identifier. The server can find the corresponding session data for each user.

In the development of the APIs, it is more common to accept token so that the server can decide whether or not to grant access to the person making the request.

This is true.

Cookie-based authentication is convenient for browsers, but beyond browsers, a token-based approach makes more sense, since token can be carried via parameters, or as part of the body of the cookies.

The requests were made via the internet.

If the range of clients it can serve will increase, it will be more convenient if the API needs to be used beyond web browsers.

JWTs have an advantage over cookies because of the fact that their use is more common, but cookies are still possible in native mobile applications. We can have more learning resources, more information about vulnerabilities, and more software development kits.

Next, we'll go over how cookies and sessions work, so that we can highlight the differences later.

Cookie-based authentication has been the method of choice for a long time.

Cookie-based authentication presents a state.

After a user submits their credentials, the server logs data in order to remember that the user has been identified.

The state is the data recorded in the back end and in correspondence with the session's id.

Session variables are stored on the server while a cookie is created on the client side.

The flow that follows this system is similar.

Due to the rise of Single Page Applications, web APIs, and the Internet of Things, token-based authentication has gained popularity in recent years.

When we talk about using a token, we usually talk about using jwt.

JWTs have become the defacto standard. In the rest of the article, both JWTs and token will be used.

Stateless token-based authentication is possible.

The server doesn't keep information about which users are connected or which token they have. Each request made to the server is accompanied by a token, and the server will verify the authenticity of the request based solely on the token.

The format for the token was defined by JWT. JWT doesn't require us to use any client-side data persistence mechanisms or have any rules for how the token should be transported.

The values of the token can be sent in the body of a POST request or as a query parameter.

Let's see how it works.

After understanding how both approaches work, let's look at the advantages of token-based authentication.

The biggest advantage of using token and not cookies is the fact that they have stateless authentication.

It is not necessary to have a record of the token from the back end.

Each token has its own data, which is needed to confirm their validity, as well as specific information of the user who has signed in.

The only job of the server is to sign token upon successful login and to verify valid incoming token.

When it comes to managing cookies across different domains, it gets difficult.

A token-based approach with CORS enabled makes it trivial to expose the APIs to different services.

If there is a valid token, the requests can be processed.

We will address the details in the Common Questions section.

We simply store the session identifier with a cookie-based approach.

The token allows us to save any type of data, as long as it is valid.

The JWT specification indicates that we can include different types of data, and that they can be saved as public and private data.

Depending on the context, we can choose to use a minimal number of claims, and save only the user ID and token expiration, or we can include additional claims, such as the user's email, who issued the token, the scopes and/or permissions that the user has, and so on.

The session search must be performed from the back end when using cookie-based authentication. The round trip is likely to take longer than decoding a token in that case. We can decrease the number of lookups required to process the requested data because additional data can be stored in the token.

Users with the administrator role have access to see the last orders registered in our application, but only if they are in the same role.

Once the request is made, from the back end, it is necessary to make a query to verify that the session is valid, another search to access the user data, and finally a third query to get the data.

JWT can be used to store the role of the user in the token. We need to make a single query to the database once the request is made and the token is validation.

In this section, we will look at some of the common questions and concerns that arise when it comes to token-based authentication.

The main topic is security, but we'll also look at how big token can be.

The JWT size.

The size of the JWTs is the biggest disadvantage of token-based authentication.

A session cookie is small compared to the smallest token.

If we load a token with many claims, the size can be problematic.

The server must include the corresponding JWT in each request.

Where to store the coins?

We can choose where to store the JWTs.

JWTs are usually stored in browsers' local storage, and this works well for most cases.

There are some drawbacks to storing the JWTs in local storage.

The maximum size of a cookie can be problematic if a token has multiple claims. Session storage is similar to local storage, but it is cleared when the user closes the browser.

There is protection for the XSS and XSRF.

It is always a priority to protect our users.

The most common concerns developers have when deciding whether or not to use token-based authentication are about security.

Two of the most common attacks that websites face are:

A cross site scripting attack is when an external entity can execute code on top of a website.

If a website presents inputs that aren't properly validation, it's the most common attack.

If an attacker is able to execute Javascript code on your domain, your JSON Web Tokens are vulnerable.

Many frameworks prevent arbitrary code execution by automatically validation input data.

If you are not using a framework that performs this validation, you can use a tool called Caja Compiler that was developed by Google to help with this task.

It is recommended that you use a framework or a plug-in to solve the problem, rather than creating your own solution.

If you are using JWT with local storage, cross site request forgery attacks are not a problem. If you store the JWT in a cookie, you will need to protect it against the XSRF.

If you don't know what this concept is, you can watch a video that explains how the attacks work.

It's not very difficult to prevent XSRF attacks. It is important to be clear that a unique token is not a JWT, and that when establishing a session with a client, it must generate one.

Each time data is sent to the server, a hidden input field will contain a token and the server will check it to make sure the token matches.

It is a good idea to have a short expiration time for our token.

Even if a token is compromised, it will be worthless. We may have a blacklist of compromised token to prevent them from being used. Changing the signing algorithm would require all users to log in again, and would invalidate all active token. In case of a serious violation, this approach is available.

The token is signed, but not secured.

A web token is made up of three parts.