Jacob Mengde

It was a true revolution and it appeared by surprise. The Genesis 5-valve-per-Cylinder road bikes were used in the engine. The stroke was shorter, with a light titanium valve and a light piston, allowing a higherrpm, quicker reactions and more compact dimensions.

The first rider to use it was Doug Henry. He won the American Supercross in Las Vegas. The world wanted to see and test the long-awaited YZ400M because of the fact that the Supercross discipline required light motorcycles with quick reactions.

Henry achieved victory in the Motocross Championship the same year that 4-stroke motorcycles were confirmed to stay.

In 1998, the YZ 400F was born.

The first production 4-stroke motocross bike from Yamaha featured a YZM-inspired engine and its own Chassis, as the racing model used an adapted 2-stroke Chassis. It was a great success in sales and in competition. Bartolini won the 500 World Championship. In this category, the leading bikes were the preserve of Husaberg and Husqvarna with more than 500cc, but the light Yamaha with its engine of only 400cc overcame them in all circumstances.

The YZ 400F became the YZ426F in 2000.

The engine was improved and the weight was reduced, but the chassis was not. The YZF's reputation for easy-to-use and powerful bikes continued to grow, with good results in the Championships on both sides of the Atlantic.

The YZ250F was the first 4-stroke motorcycle to be launched and Yamaha was ahead of the competition. The germ that woke up the rest of the brands was that it was designed to compete against 125s.

The YZ426 had good results, but a leading rider was needed for the bike to be in front, and the 250 2T often put it in trouble, and there were some skeptics of the technology.

The YZ250F was better than the 125 in all aspects, and riders who weren't usually at the top got good results. The sales figures exploded all over the world after an unknown Ernesto Fonseca won the West Coast AMA Supercross with ease in 2001, showing that the bike was also suitable for demanding American discipline.

The first YZ450F was launched in 2003 and the World Championship categories were standardized in MX1 and MX2 instead of the mythical 500cc.

The second generation of YZF had a 450cc engine that was capable of developing raw power, and a new, lighter body. We could only use third gear on most circuits with a 4-speed gearbox.

Chad Reed had to fight with the greatest pilot in the history of Motocross, Ricky Carmichael, which prevented him from winning any Championship but he obtained very good results on its back.

The biggest rival to the YZF has ever been launched by Honda. The rival brand had a very powerful and compact engine.

Suzuki launched the RMZ 450 with an aluminum frame and the market demanded an aluminum Yamaha 4-stroke, since 2-strokes did have a chassis of this material.

The first aluminum Yamaha YZF appeared in 2006

The steel model had a heavy weight, but now it has a lighter weight model with a 5-speed transmission. The Kayaba SSS fork, a system that is mounted today and has given the YZF fame as being the motorcycle with the best suspension in production condition, was debut. The evolution cycles on the YZF were created with this model. The YZF won the World Championships in 2006 with Tony Cairoli and David Phillipaerts, and the American Championships with James Stewart and Grant Langston, being one of the most golden times of the saga.

The novelty was electronic injection.

The system was already on the bikes of Honda, Kawasaki, and Suzuki. Yamaha decided to go its own way in designing a dirt bike, and distanced itself from other manufacturers by including injection and reverse cylinder.

The system allowed to center the mass in a more effective way and make the air circulate in the engine in a more natural way, flowing in the same direction of travel. The bike had a different weight distribution because the tank and air filter box had to be swapped.

SMA is a German-based company that makes power inverters for both residential and commercial purposes. The company was established in 1981 and has taken a firm hold of the solar inverters market since then. SMA employs more than 5000 people worldwide and operates in 20 countries, including the USA. Historically, SMA manufactured its inverters solely within Germany, ensuring buyers receive high German quality products. However, in 2013 SMA decided to change its policy and open manufacturing in China, due to price pressure from cheaper Huawei and Sungrow products. Moving production abroad led to financial losses, as customers started to question the quality of SMA products. After a couple of years of low sales, the company decided to go back to roots and closed its manufacturing in China. Today SMA keeps its high-quality benchmark and dominates the market for power inverters.

SMA produces different product lines that can meet all needs and purposes. All products can be characterized by following features:

Sunny Boy 1.5 – 7.7kW – a single phase inverter that is well-suited for home and small commercial systems. The inverter’s input voltage varies from 80V to 600V, and it operates at temperatures from -13 to 140 °F while continuing to show a high efficiency level of 93%. Sunny Boy is compact, lightweight, and monitored through Wi-Fi or Bluetooth instead of display. Purchasing Sunny Boy, you also receive a DC isolator which automatically shuts down the inverter in case of high or low voltage, grid failure or other dangerous situations. Also, you can place Sunny Boy as close to solar panels as you want; eliminating the need for long DC wires, or you can make it a part of bigger PV system. For many years, Sunny Boy has been one of the most reliable inverters available on the market.

Sunny Tripower 8.0 – 30kW - a three-phase version of the Sunny Boy and a good suit for medium-sized plants. DC input voltage goes up to 1000V and has a maximum efficiency of 98.4%. Sunny Tripower has IP65 level of protection, and its cover keeps it safe from hazardous inverter materials. Also, latest versions include a graphic display that helps with checking the performance daily. Moreover, the inverter includes a preinstalled cooling system SMA OptiCool, and SMA Smart Connected system that analyses performance and offers recommendations. Sunny Tripower for many years has proven its reliability in large-commercial use.

Sunny Highpower Peak 1/3 – is an inverter created for large scale power plants operating at 1500V input and 75000 output power with 98.8% efficiency level. Highpower is SMA’s model, released in 2019. This inverter is also equipped with the automatic SMA Smart Connected and SMA OptiCool systems.

Sunny Island 4.4M / 6.0H / 8.0H – is an off-grid inverter manufactured for both residential and commercial purposes with maximum 11500W of AC input and 95% efficiency. Compare to other off-grid inverters, Sunny Island has a low energy consumption, long battery lifespan, and can be used anywhere with its IP54 level and temperature range of -13 to 140 °F. This product has proven its credibility over many years, but due to severe competition mainly with the USA Outbreak Power, Sunny Island lost its ground on the market. Although Sunny Island has had some updates during the past few years, it is yet to reach the top of the market for hybrid off-grid inverters.

Sunny Central – is SMA’s most powerful inverter with output power of 4500kW. Sunny Central is made for large-scale plants and can be installed in all climate zones. The biggest advantages of Sunny Central are long service life, a highly efficient cooling system, and low cost of transportation and installation.

SMA products have received multiple awards from the independent testing institute PV Evolution Labs (PVEL) for being the best inverters available on the market. Inverters were evaluated in 3 categories: power thermal cycling, passive chamber testing and 30-day runtime. Also, recently SMA has conducted its own research analyzing the performance of their products and comparing them with cheaper inverters available on the market. The findings showed the following:

The SMA inverters are cheaper compared to other high-quality inverters. Their prices depend on the product line and output of the inverter. If you are interested in buying an SMA inverter, check out the prices below. Note, all presented prices were retrieved from reliable online shops as of January 2020. Shipment costs are not included.

All SMA products have a standard warranty of 5 years with the possibility of extension up to 10, 15 or 25 years depending on the product. Warranty covers all expenditures when it comes to performance issues, system failure or shipping problems. However, unauthorized modifications or deliberate damage to the product will lead to immediate cancellation of warranty. Keep in mind, extension is possible only for currently valid warranties. To extend your warranty, follow this link.

For a front thru-axle, this is measured from the inside to inside of your fork . For a rear thru-axle, this is measured from the inside to inside of your frame at the drop-outs. The O.L.D. measurement is listed for many thru-axles, but isn't necessary if you know the overall length.

This is because if a player has a ranking within Warzone above 56 , the game does a rank reset with the start of a new season This simply means that you will have to work your way back up to 155 again for Season 4 of COD Warzone

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Purity of the Potassium KHP is 999% Therefore to prepare a 1000 mgC/l standard solution, add 213g of KHP in a flask and add enough DIW to make it 1 litre solution Note that the quantities required change with the % purity of the chemical used

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Japanese yen (JPY) pairs are quoted with 2 decimal places, marking a notable exception. 1 For currency pairs such as the EUR/JPY and USD/JPY, the value of a pip is 1/100 divided by the exchange rate . For example, if the EUR/JPY is quoted as 132.62, one pip is 1/100 ÷ 132.62 = 0.0000754.

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