Siobhán Shadix

By definition, a heart attack is a disruption of blood flow to the heart muscle that damages heart muscle tissue. However, the nature of that disruption and how the heart responds can differ.

There are three types of heart attacks, and each can affect heart rate in different ways:

The ST segment is part of the pattern on an electrocardiogram (ECG). This is a test that measures your heart’s electrical activity and displays it on a monitor as a continuous line. A person’s ST segment will typically appear as a flat period between peaks.

Learn more about ECGs here.

STEMI is what you think of as a traditional heart attack. During a STEMI, something completely blocks a coronary artery.

An NSTEMI reduces blood flow to the heart but does not cut it off completely. As a result, these types of heart attacks are not as severe as STEMIs but are still serious.

There are different types of NSTEMIs.

In type I NSTEMIs, a plaque rupture or erosion causes a partial blockage of an artery. Whereas in type II NSTEMIs, other factors such as artery spasms or dysfunctions cause a blood supply-demand imbalance.

In all NSTEMI types, no ST segment elevation appears on an ECG.

A constant is a variable of any data type that won’t change the value throughout the program while enums are user-defined value of a specific data type that can be changed.

In the C# language, enum (also called enumeration) is a user-defined value type used to represent a list of named integer constants. It is created using the enum keyword inside a class, structure, or namespace. It improves a program’s readability, maintainability and reduces complexity.

The basic syntax of declaring an enum is:

enum_name is the name you want to give to your enum list. We use a comma (,) to separate the items in the enumeration list.

For instance, January, February, March, May, and June are months of the year. Therefore, this becomes an enumeration with the name year and January, February, March, May, and June as its elements.

If we do not assign values to the enum items, the items are assigned an integer value by the compiler by default starting from 0. The first item will be assigned 0 and increment by one each time we add an item.

We can change the values of the enum item. If we change a value to one of the months e.g March to 10. Then the compiler will assign the others sequentially i.e it will increment by one from 10:

We access an enum item using the dot syntax:

We need to explicitly convert an item in the enum to get an integer value.

Example

Let’s look at a program to illustrate how to convert the items to an integral value:

When we compile and execute our code, we get our output as:

From the above program, we have not specified a value to the items, the compiler assigns January 0 and starts to increment by one, gives February 1, and so on.

We use the ToString() method to convert an enum to a string.

Example

Let’s look at an example of how we can convert an enum item to a string:

Example

In this article, we have looked at what enums are and how to apply them in our programs. We have seen that constants are used for declaring a single value while in enums therefore, we can represent a list of items in one enum. We can now easily use enums to represent a list of named integer constants.

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