What is application layer in osi model?

The Application Layer is the 7th and topmost layer of the OSI (Open Systems Interconnection) model, which is a conceptual framework used to understand and standardize how different networking protocols interact. ### Key Points About Application Layer- Primary Function: It provides a direct interface between the user applications and the network. In simpler terms, it’s where users and software interact with the network.- Examples of Protocols: HTTP, HTTPS, FTP, SMTP, DNS, Telnet, and SNMP.- Responsibilities: - Supports end-user processes like email, file transfer, and web browsing. - Ensures communication between applications on different devices. - Provides network services to applications such as message formatting, encryption, and data translation.### How It Fits in the OSI Model- The Application Layer interacts directly with the Presentation Layer, which formats the data for transmission.- It does not handle data transport or routing; those tasks are handled by lower layers like Transport and Network layers.### Example in PracticeWhen you use a web browser:1. The browser sends an HTTP request (Application Layer) to access a website.2. This request is converted and transmitted down the OSI layers until it reaches the other device.3. The server processes it and sends back a response, which the Application Layer interprets so you see the webpage.In summary: The Application Layer is the layer closest to the end-user, enabling applications to communicate over the network efficiently and providing the services required to execute user-oriented tasks.