Guest Ethmke

Navigating TSH Levels in Pregnancy: A Mom’s Guide Thyroid health is critical during pregnancy, as TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone) levels affect both mom and baby. Normal TSH range is 0.1-2.5 mIU/L in the first trimester, 0.2-3.0 mIU/L in the second, and 0.3-3.0 mIU/L in the third per American Thyroid Association (ATA) guidelines. Dangerous levels? Let’s break it down: - High TSH (Hypothyroidism): Above 10 mIU/L is risky—can cause miscarriage, preterm birth, or developmental delays in baby. Even 2.5-10 mIU/L needs monitoring; untreated, it may lead to preeclampsia. - Low TSH (Hyperthyroidism): Below 0.1 mIU/L signals hyperthyroidism, risking fetal growth issues or maternal heart complications. I had subclinical hypothyroidism (TSH 4.5) in my first pregnancy—levothyroxine fixed it. Regular tests are key! Consult your doc ASAP if levels are off. Mayo Clinic’s thyroid guide is a solid resource. Worried about your levels? Share your story!

Economic Backbone: Currency’s Role From an econ student’s POV: 1. Medium of Exchange: Currency’s accepted everywhere, unlike barter’s hit-or-miss. 2. Store of Value: Holds worth over time (inflation aside). 3. Unit of Account: Prices are clear—Rs 100 for a shirt, not “3 eggs + a hat.” 4. Legal Tender: Govt says it’s valid; refusal’s rare. Fiat currency (no gold backing) thrives on collective trust. In India, RBI’s rupee rules. Khan Academy explains it well. Barter’s a nightmare—imagine negotiating for Wi-Fi!

Why Currency Rules Transactions Currency is the lifeblood of trade because it’s universally accepted, portable, and solves barter’s headaches. Here’s the breakdown: - Eliminates Barter Issues: Barter needs a “double coincidence of wants” (I want your cow, you want my wheat). Currency cuts that mess—everyone accepts it. - Standardized Value: Notes and coins have fixed worth, making trade smooth. - Convenience: Lightweight, divisible, durable—try carrying 50 chickens to buy a bike! - Trust & Backing: Govts or central banks (like RBI) guarantee value, building faith. Think of it as society’s handshake—everyone agrees it works. Historically, shells to gold evolved into paper for ease. Investopedia’s money history dives deeper. Ever tried bartering? Spill!

What’s Dragging Gland Down? From an investor’s lens: - Earnings Miss: Q3FY25’s 10% revenue drop spooked markets; margins improved but not enough. - External Pressures: US pricing wars and slow new product rollouts. - Analyst Pessimism: Goldman’s downgrade to Rs 1,500 signals caution; Cenexi’s underperformance adds weight. Still, long-term? Their ANDA filings (4 in Q3) could rebound. Moneycontrol tracks it live. Thoughts on recovery?

Unpacking Gland Pharma’s Stock Slump Gland Pharma’s stock has been on a rollercoaster, and as of recent data, here’s why it’s likely dipping: - Weak Q3FY25 Results: Revenue dropped 10% YoY to Rs 1,384 crore, with net profit up only 7% to Rs 205 crore. Investors expected more, leading to a 4.5% fall to Rs 1,452 on Feb 4, 2025. - Brokerage Downgrades: Goldman Sachs slashed it from “buy” to “sell” on Sep 27, 2024, citing a 27% downside to Rs 1,500 due to: - Lower-margin products reliance. - US market pricing pressure and competition. - Delayed high-margin product launches. - Slow Cenexi turnaround (acquired contract manufacturing). - Long-Term Trend: Since July 2021, fundamentals like revenue degrowth and low ROE (9.22% over 3 years) have hurt sentiment. Despite USFDA approvals (e.g., Vasopressin, Cangrelor), market confidence wanes. Check Economic Times for updates. Holding GLAND shares? What’s your strategy?