What is bait e uqba?

Bait-e-Uqba Aawla or Sani & the First and 2nd Official public Sermon of Holy Prophet Muhammad(PBUH) 1,669 views. Makkah ma Ansar ke wafood ka ana aur Bait e Uqba ka bayan. Info#Pehli Aur Dosri Bait e Uqba|Bait e Uqba|Urdu Hindi Subscribe our channel Link AQ. Bait-e-Uqba & the First Official public Sermon of Holy Prophet Muhammad(PBUH ).

Many people were visiting Makkah on business or as pilgrims to the Ka'ba. Although their worship was not anything like the Hajj that Islam has taught us, they regarded the Holy Ka'ba as an important building. Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) took advantage of this time of the year by meeting the visitors and introducing the teachings of Islam to them. It was the Prophet’s wise practice to meet the delegates of the Arabian tribes by night so that the hostile Makkans would not debar him from achieving his objectives.

With years of persecution for him and his followers, it was also a great opportunity for the Prophet (pbuh) to look for a new home for himself and his followers. After several unsuccessful negotiations, he found hope with some men from Yathrib (later called Medina).

The Arab population of Yathrib were familiar with monotheism (belief in one God) because a Jewish community existed there. They knew from the Jews that one day there would be a Prophet who would come from Arabia as revealed to the Jews in the Torah (their holy book) by Prophet Musa (AS).

The two main Arab tribes in Madinah were the Banu Khazraj and the Banu Aws. They were great enemies of each other and fought numerous battles. The recurring slaughters and disagreements over the resulting claims, especially after the Battle of Bu'ath (around 617) in which all clans (including Jewish) were involved, made it obvious to them that the tribal conceptions of blood-feud and an eye for an eye were no longer workable unless there was one man with authority to adjudicate in disputed cases.

During the pilgrimage season in the eleventh year of Prophethood (approximately 620) the Prophet (pbuh) along with his two Companions 'Ali and Abu Bakr (may Allah be pleased with them) met with six men from Yathrib as they were passing by 'Aqabat Mina.

The six men were:

All six were from the Banu Khazraj clan.

The following year (around 621), on the occasion of the pilgrimage, a group of twelve disciples came to Makkah ready to acknowledge Muhammad as their Prophet. This group was made up of five of the original six who had met the Prophet (pbuh) the previous year, only Jabir bin 'Abdullah bin Ri'ab was missing, and seven new members.

The additional seven members were:

All of them were from the Banu Khazraj clan except for Abul-Haitham and 'Uwaim who were from Banu Aws clan.

The meeting took place at Aqabat Mina (Mount Aqabah), Makkah and resulted in the first Islamic agreement. After embracing Islam by reading the Shahadah, the delegation pledged themselves and their fellow-citizens to accept Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) into their community and physically protect him as one of themselves. This pledge became known as the "First Bay'at (Pledge) of Aqabah".

After the oath of allegiance (the Bay'at) was taken the Prophet (pbuh) sent Mus‘ab bin ‘Umair Al-‘Abdari (RA) to Yathrib to teach people the doctrines of Islam, give them practical guidance and make attempts at propagating Islam among those who still professed polytheism. Thus Mus‘ab bin ‘Umair Al-‘Abdari (RA) became the first Muslim 'ambassador.'

Mus'ab was an ulama - a learned scholar - who had memorised all of the Qur'an that was revealed at the time. He was young, in his 20s, and the vast majority of Yathrib were of similar age since most of the elders were killed in the bloody battle of Bu'ath few years ago. Mus'ab also came from similar economic standing and family background (upper class and cultured) as many in Yathrib, therefore he could relate to the educated Yathribs.

As‘ad bin Zurarah hosted Mus'ab in Madinah. All the members propagated Islam with such zest that it spread rapidly from house to house and from tribe to tribe so much so that the first Jumu'ah (Friday congregational prayer) was established here (and not in Makkah by the Prophet) in As'ad's house.

Mus‘ab stayed in Madinah carrying out his mission diligently and successfully until all the houses of Al-Ansar (the future Helpers) had Muslims elements, men and women. One family only stood obdurate to the Islamic Da‘wah (Call). They were under the influence of the poet Qais bin Al-Aslat, who managed to hold them at bay and screen off the Call of Islam from their ears until the year 5 A.H. (circa 627 C. E.).

Mus'ab returned to Makkah before the following year's pilgrimage (i.e. around 623) and informed the Prophet (pbuh) of the new hospitable community and fertile soil of Islam in Madinah. The city provided power and immunity to spread the cause of Islam, and its people, the 'Ansars' (Helpers), eagerly awaited the Hajj season so that they could meet the Holy Prophet (pbuh) and personally declare their readiness to help Islam.

The following Hajj season in June 622 C. E. 500 people of Madinah, mainly from the tribe of Khazraj, came to Makkah. It included 73 Muslims, two of whom were women. The rest of the people were those who wanted to find out more about the religion before becoming Muslims. They met the Prophet (pbuh), accompanied by his uncle Al-Abbas bin Abdul-Muttalib, secretly by night on the 13th of Dhul-Hijjah (Islamic month) at 'Aqabah where the Prophet (pbuh) addressed them and recited verses of the Noble Qur'an. Moved by its splendour and truthfulness the people accepted Islam and pledged their oath of allegiance (similar to the original twelve, two years ago). This pledge became known as the 'Second Pledge of Aqabah'.

The guarantee of protection led the Orientalists to describe it as "Pledge of War" http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Second_pledge_at_al-Aqabah.

After approving of the articles of the pledge, clarification and emphasis, the process of actual pledging began by touching hands stretched out. The two women's pledge was taken orally for the Prophet (pbuh) never shook hands with an unrelated woman.

The Prophet (pbuh) then asked the group to appoint 12 men to represent the group, and to be responsible regarding the articles of the pledge. Nine representatives from Al-Khazraj and three from Al-Aws came forward and took another oath to hold the position of answerability.

The Second pledge at al-Aqabah was an important event as it preceded the migration to Medina. Following the pledges at Aqabah, Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) encouraged his followers to emigrate to Yathrib. As with the migration to Abyssinia, the Quraish attempted to stop the emigration. However, almost all Muslims managed to leave.

Being alarmed at the departure of Muslims, the Makkans plotted to assassinate Prophet Muhammad (pbuh). With the help of Ali (RA), Prophet Muhammad (pbuh) fooled the Makkans who were watching him, and secretly slipped away from the town with Abu Bakr (RA).

Pledge of al-ʿAqaba (Arabic: بیعة العقبة) is the oath of allegiance of people of Yathrib to Prophet Muhammad (s), prior to his emigration to Medina. The first pledge was year 12 after Bi'tha/621 and the second pledge was a year later in year 13 after Bi'tha/622, both are known as the pledge of al-Aqaba. The first pledge is known as Bay'at al-Nisa' and the second one is known as Bay'at al-Harab. The significance of these pledges is that both were important in the preparation of situation for emigration of Prophet Muhammad (s) and Muslims from Mecca to Medina.

Lexically, al-Aqaba means mountain pass, a way to get to the top of a mountain. Because both of the pledges of allegiance to Prophet Muhammad (s) were held at a mountain pass between Mecca and Mina, they are known as pledges of al-Aqaba. It is located five kilometers far from Mecca.

Abu Talib b. Abd al-Muttalib and Khadija bt. Khuwaylid passed away ten years after Bi'tha/619, which left Prophet Muhammad (s) with no supporter, in addition, he was under severe pressure from his enemies. He met six members of Khazraj from Medina 11 years after Bi'tha/620. According to the sources, they met in Mina or in al-Aqaba. Prophet Muhammad (s) asked about their identity and their allies. They said they were Jews' ally. Then he introduced Islam and Qur'an to them. People of Medina vaguely knew about a prophet in Mecca, and they hoped the Prophet (s) could stop the adversaries between the tribes of Aws and Khazraj. After they returned to Yathrib, they told about the Prophet (s) to people.

In the first Pledge of al-Aqaba, also known as Bay'at al-Nisa', twelve members of Aws and Khazraj converted to Islam and took an oath of allegiance to Prophet Muhammad (s) in the time of hajj, twelve years after Bi'tha/621.

Here are the names of those who attended:

From Aws:

The people of Yathrib were obliged to

In return the Prophet (s) guaranteed if they act upon the allegiance, they will enter the Paradise; if they rejected it, God may have mercy on them or they may enter the Hell.

Some historians named to pledge as Bay'at al-Nisa' (pledge of the women), however, Bay'at al-Nisa' is the name of the pledge of the women of Mecca with the Prophet (s) after the Conquest of Mecca.

After the first Pledge of al-Aqaba, Prophet Muhammad (s) sent Mus'ab b. Umayr to Medina to teach Qur'an to newly converted Muslims. However some historians mentioned that he was sent to Medina after the second Pledge of al-Aqaba.

The second Pledge of al-Aqaba, also known as Bay'at al-Harb (pledge of war), took place near Mina, Mecca (today al-Khayf mosque is located there) in the time of hajj, thirteen years after Bi'tha/622. It is said seventy men or seventy two men and two women were present at al-Aqaba. Also al-Abbas b. Abd al-Muttalib, the Prophet's uncle was present at al-Aqaba. People of Medina took oath of allegiance to Prophet Muhammad (s) individually or in a group of two. Rafi' b. Malik b. al-'Ajlan was the first person who took the oath of allegiance.

Al-Abbas said to attendants: "Muhammad is one of us, we have protected him as much as we could. If you can support him, it is good; otherwise, leave him to us." "We take the oath of allegiance to him and we promise that we will fight against his enemies and befriend his friends" They replied.

It's said that Bara' b. Ma'rur, or Abu l-Haytham b. Tayyihan, or As'ad b. Zurara was the first person who took an oath of allegiance to Prophet Muhammad (s).

Because people of Yathrib promised to fight alongside Prophet Muhammad (s), this pledge is known as Pledge of War. Some members of Ansar (Helpers) declared they will fight for Prophet Muhammad (s) from the first night. Al-Abbas b. Ubada asked Prophet Muhammad (s) for permission to attack polytheists who were performing hajj practices in Mina, but Prophet rejected it and told them to return to their families and relatives.

The second pledge at al-Aqabah was an important event in the mission of the Islamic prophet Muhammad where 75 residents of the city of Medina pledged their loyalty to Muhammad as their leader in an agreement known as a bay'ah. It preceded the Hijrah, or migration of Muhammad and his supporters to Medina where Muhammad became ruler, from Mecca where they were persecuted. The pledge occurred in 622 CE at a mountain pass (al-Aqabah) five kilometers from Mecca.

Converts to Islam came from both non-Jewish Arab tribes present in Medina, such that by June of the subsequent year there were seventy-five Muslims coming to Mecca for pilgrimage and to meet Muhammad. Meeting him secretly by night, the group made what was known as the "Second Pledge of al-`Aqaba", or "The Second Pledge of Mount Aqabah" where the pledge was made. The guarantee of protection led Orientalists and Muslim scholars to describe it as "Pledge of War". Conditions of the pledge, many of which similar to the first, included obedience to Muhammad, "enjoining good and forbidding evil" as well as responding to the call to arms when required.

The Islamic Studies scholar Shawqī Abū Khalīl says that the pledge states:

A list of those included:

From Banu Khazraj:

From Banu Aws:

The following year on the {{AHM|12}} of 1 BH (June 622 CE), during the season of the pilgrimage (Arabic: Hajj), 73 new Muslims converts from Medina were among that year's polytheist pilgrims to Mecca. The oft-repeated question amongst them was "Isn’t it high time we protect Muhammad instead of leaving him forsaken, deserted and stumbling in the hillocks of Makkah?"

Shortly after arriving to Mecca, they secretly contacted Muhammad and decided to have a meeting at night in mid Tashreeq Days on last year's meeting place.

A hadith attributed to Ka'b ibn Malik reports:

A hadith attributed to Jabir ibn Abd-Allah reports:

In another version: A hadith attributed to Ka'b ibn Malik reports:

A hadith attributed to Jabir ibn Abd-Allah reports:

Muhammad took the pledge of the two women – Nusaybah bint Ka'ab and Umm Munee Asma bint Amr bin 'Ad – orally, rather than clasping hands with them, considering that they were not Mahram with him.

Muhammad asked those involved to appoint twelve deputies to preach Islam in Medina and taking responsibility in matters relating to the propagation of Islam regarding the people of their own tribe. Those elected were:

From Banu Khazraj:

From Banu Aws:

Once again, those twelve men were sworn to act as surety over the affairs of their people, and Muhammad would act as surety over his people, meaning all the Muslims.

At this point, the secret meeting was discovered by an inhabitant in Al-‘Aqabah. Al-‘Abbas bin Nadlah said "By Allâh, Who has sent you in Truth, we are powerful enough to put the people of Mina (the Quraishites) to our swords tomorrow, if you desire." Muhammad said "We have not been commanded to follow that course. Now, back to your camps." They went back to sleep until morning.

The following day, a large delegation that included the Meccan leaders set out for the camp of the Medinan to protest severely against the treaty: "O people of Khazraj, it transpired to us that you have come here to conclude a treaty with this man and evacuate him out of Makkah. By Allâh, we do really hold in abhorrence any sort of fight between you and us."

The Medinan polytheists were not aware of the secret meeting and swore by God that no truth in the report. ‘Abdullah bin Ubai bin Salul, a Medinan polytheist, refuted their allegations denouncing them as null and void, claiming that his people would never initiate anything unless he gave them clear orders.

The Medinan Muslims did not speak and the Meccans became convinced by the arguments of the Medinan polytheist. However, they were not fully satisfied and kept investigating the matter. It was not after that the Medinan pilgrims had left the city that they realized the truth of the matter. In a fit of rage, they pursued the pilgrims.

After much effort, they arrested al-Mundhir bin Amru but he broke away from them. Sa'd ibn Ubadah was also captured. They tied his hands to his neck and dragged him by his hair. Heavily beating him, they brought him to Mecca. But, luckily, Al-Mut‘im bin ‘Adi and Harith ibn Harb saved him, due to business relation they had with him.