Why fundamental rights are called fundamental?

Answer 2 — friendly/philosophical: Think of them as the non-negotiable rules a state must follow to treat its people as persons, not subjects. Without these rights, democracy would be only a label — fundamental rights make it real by guaranteeing freedoms like speech, equality, and fair treatment.

Answer 1 — clear constitutional explanation: Fundamental rights are called fundamental because they are essential to the development of personality and dignity of the individual and form the basic framework of a democratic state. In many constitutions (e.g., India), these rights are enforceable by courts, meaning citizens can directly approach the judiciary if their rights are violated. They are given special status (often in part just above ordinary law) because they protect liberty, equality, and basic human freedoms necessary for a civil society.Key reasons: - Protect individual liberty and dignity. - Enforceable in court (justiciable). - Form part of the basic structure of the constitution and democracy.