How to acquire tin number online?

It's a solid element in the room. It oxidizes at room temperature. It is resistant to passivation.

It is used to protect other metals from oxidation. It is also found in many other types of metal. The cry of tin can be heard when bending a bar of this metal. Under certain thermal conditions it suffers from the tin plague.

Pure tin has two allotropic variants: gray tin, a non-metallic powder, semiconductor, with a cubic structure and stable at temperatures below 13.2 °C, which is very brittle and has a lower specific weight than white; and white tin, normal, metallic, electrically conductive, with a tetragonal structure and stable at temperatures above 13.2 °C.

Tin is a silvery-white metal that is soft and flexible. The tin scream can be heard when a bar of tin is bent.

The lowest in the group is F. The melting point for 11 nm particles drops to 177.3 degrees Celsius.

The white tin, BCT structure, which is stable at and above room temperature, is malleable. In contrast, α-tin (nonmetallic form, or gray tin), which is stable below 13.2 degrees Celsius (55.8 °F), is brittle. α-Tin has a cubic crystal structure similar to that of diamond, silicon, or germanium. α-Tin does not have metallic properties because its atoms form a covalent structure in which electrons cannot move freely.

It is a dull gray, powdery material that has no common uses other than a few specialized Semiconductor applications. Two other allotropes, γ and σ, exist at temperatures above 161 degrees Celsius (321.8 °F) and pressures above several GPa. Under cold conditions, β-tin tends to spontaneously transform into α-tin, a phenomenon known as "tin plague" or "tin disease". Some unverifiable sources say that Napoleon's 1812 Russian campaign was so cold that the tin buttons on the soldiers' uniforms broke over time, which is a legend that probably has no background in real events.

Although the α-β transformation temperature is nominally 13.2 degrees Celsius (55.8 °F), impurities (for example, Al, Zn, etc.) reduce the transition temperature well below 0 degrees Celsius (32 0.0 °F) and adding antimony or bismuth may cause the transformation not to occur at all, increasing the durability of the tin.

There is a ninth

The tin grades that are commercially available are resistant to transformation due to the small amounts of silver, lead, and antimony present as impurities. The elements that are alloyed increase their hardness.

Tin forms hard and brittle intermetallic phases very easily. It does not form wide solid solution ranges in other metals, and few elements have solid solubility in tin. Simple eutectic systems include lead, thallium, and zinc.

One of the first superconductors to be studied was Tin, which was found in tin crystals.

Tin can be attacked by acids and alkalis. Tin can be highly polished and is used as a protective layer for other metals. A protective oxide layer (passivation) prevents further oxidation, the same that forms on tin and other tin alloys. Tin acts as a catalyst when oxygen is in solution and helps speed up the chemical reaction.

Tin has the largest number of stable isotopes, with atomic mass of 112, 114 to 120, 122, and 124. The most abundant are 120Sn, 118Sn, and 116Sn, while the least abundant is 115Sn. Even though they have the same mass, odd and even-mass isotopes have different spin rates.

Tin is one of the easiest elements to detect and analyze by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, and its chemical shifts are referenced against the other elements.

A "magic number" in nuclear physics is believed to be the reason for the large number of stable isotopes. Tin can be found in 31 unstable isotopes, covering all the atomic mass from 99 to 139. All radioisotopes have half-lives of less than a year.

Despite being unstable, Radioactive 100Sn and 132Sn are two nuclides with a "doubly magical" nucleus. The most stable of the 30 metastable isomers is 121mSn with a half-life of 43.9 years.

The different modes of formation in stellar nucleosynthesis can explain the relative differences in the abundances of the stable isotopes of tin.

116Sn up to and including 120Sn form in the s of most stars and are therefore the most common, while 122Sn and 124Sn only form in the r-process in supernovae and are less common. Isotopes 117Sn through 120Sn receive contributions from the r process. The rare, proton-rich isotopes 112Sn, 114Sn, and 115Sn are considered among the p nuclei, whose origins are still poorly understood, because they can't be produced in significant quantities in s or r processes. 115Sn could be partially produced in the process of its formation, both directly and as a daughter of the long-lived 115In. There is a 16

Tin was used in the Near East and the Balkans around 2000 BC. The so-called Bronze Age was caused by the use of C., which was used in copper to make bronze. The rise of intense trade over long distances with areas where there were tin deposits was due to the importance of the new alloy, with which more effective weapons and tools were manufactured than those of stone or bone previously available.

Early bronze objects had a tin or arsenic content of less than 2%, and are therefore believed to be the result of unintentional alloying due to trace metal content in the copper ore. The addition Adding a second metal to copper increases its hardness, lowers the melting temperature, and improves the casting process by producing a more fluid melt that cools to a denser, less spongy metal. This was an important innovation that allowed for the more complex shapes to be cast in closed molds.

Arsenical bronze objects first appear in the Near East, where arsenic is commonly found in association with the ore copper, but the health risks were quickly realized and the search for sources of the far less dangerous tin ores , began in the early Bronze Age. This created demand for the rare metal tin and formed a trade network that linked distant sources of tin with the markets of Bronze Age cultures.

The original source of tin may have been the oxide form of tin, called scysiterite.

Stannite is a less abundant form of tin ores, which requires a more complicated process. The placer deposits of scytherite can be easily seen on the banks of the rivers. It is possible thatluvial deposits were incidentally collected and separated from gold.

Tin can be obtained from the mineral cassiterite, where it occurs as oxide or tin dioxide. The metal is obtained from the ground and enriched tin dioxide by flotation, roasted and heated with coke, and then put into a furnace to make it.

Tin-based alloys are usually made with copper, antimony, and lead. The mechanical properties of these alloys are different.

Tin, copper, and antimony are antifriction materials because of their low shear strength and reduced adhesion.

Tin and lead alloys are commercialized in various compositions and melting points, the eutectic alloy being that which is 61.9% tin and 38.1% lead, with a melting point of 183 °C. The rest of tin-lead alloys melt in a temperature range in which there is an equilibrium between the solid phase and the liquid phase during the melting and solidification processes, giving rise to the segregation of the solid phase during solidification and, therefore, to different crystal structures. Soft soldering of electronic components using the eutectic alloy reduces the chances of damage due to overheating of the components.

Some tin and lead alloys have small amounts of antimony. The main problem with lead is the potential environmental impact of lead, which is why lead-free alloys are being developed.

Pewter is used for utensils. Tin is also used in dental implants.

China, Malaysia, Indonesia, Malaysia, and the state of Minas Gerais are the main tin producers.

Both metallic tin and its organic and inorganic compounds can cause toxic effects on the environment and on living beings.

Tin is released into the environment by natural processes and by human activities, such as mining, oil and coal combustion, as well as industrial activities associated with the production and uses of tin.

When metallic tin is in the atmosphere, it sticks to dust particles which can be moved by wind, rain or snow.

Tin compounds can be formed when metallic tin is released into the environment with chlorine, sulfur, or oxygen. These types of compounds cannot be degraded and can only change their chemical form, so that they can be attached to the soil or dissolved in water.

The public health statement tells you about the effects of exposure to tin and tin compounds.

The US Environmental Protection Agency has an icon. The most serious hazardous waste sites in the nation are identified by the EPA. The EPA puts these sites on the National Priorities List and then designates them for long-term cleaning up. Tin has been found in at least 214 of the 1,662 sites currently on the NPL.

There are at least eight Organotin compounds found in the 1,662 sites. The number of sites where tin and its compounds are found may increase as more sites are evaluated.

This information is important because exposure to these substances can harm you.

When a substance is released from an industrial plant or a container, it enters the environment. This release can not always lead to exposure. You can only be exposed to a substance if you breathe, eat, or drink it.

There are a lot of factors that can affect whether or not exposure to tin will harm you.

The dose, duration, and how you came into contact with these substances are factors. You should also consider your age, gender, diet, personal characteristics, lifestyle, and health condition.

Tin is not dissolved in water. Tin is used to coat cans.

It is found in brass, bronze, pewter and some soldering materials.

Tin can combine with other chemicals to form different compounds. Tin can be combined with chlorine, sulfur, or oxygen. Tin compounds are found in the earth's crust. They are also found in food and drink.

Tin and carbon form compounds. These compounds are used to make plastic, food containers, plastic pipes, pesticides, wood, and substances to repel rats and mice.

Tin compounds can be found in the air, water, and soil near where they occur naturally in rocks or where they are mined, manufactured, or used. Human activities can generate organotin compounds that do not occur naturally in the environment. The length of time each tin compound stays in varies from compound to compound.

Tin is found in many soils. Tin can be released as dust during windstorms. Tin-based gases, dusts, and vapors can be released from refinery and smelters, as well as garbage and fossil fuels.

Tin can be carried by the wind or washed to the ground by rain or snow. Tin is relatively immobile in the environment because it sticks to soils and water. Tin can't be destroyed in the environment. It can either stick to or separate from the particles in the soil and water.

Organotin compounds are found in the soil and water.

Tin compounds can be broken down by exposure to sunlight and by the bacterium. In water, organotin compounds adhere to particles. They can be deposited in the soil. Animals living in water with Organotin compounds can be incorporated into their tissues.

Tin is found in many places, including air, water, soil, and landfills, and is a normal component of many plants and animals.

Tin can be found in body tissues. Tin is not an essential element for humans.

Small amounts of tin are found in foods. The concentration of tin in vegetables, fruits and fruit juices, nuts, dairy products, meat, fish, poultry, eggs, beverages, and other foods not packaged in metal cans are less than 2 parts per million (ppm) (1 ppm = 1 part of tin in 1 million parts of food).

The tin concentration in pasta and bread varies from zero to 0.03 ppm. You can be exposed to tin when you drink or eat from cans. The lacquer varnish on the cans prevents the food from reacting with the tin, which is why the food is less than 25 ppm tin.

Food in cans lined with tin, but not lacquer, can contain up to 100 parts per million of tin because of the reaction of the food with the can. Tin-lined cans are protected with lacquer. Tin helps maintain the color of the fruit and it's the only way to pack fruit and juices. If food is stored in cans, tin concentrations increase. Tin difluoride is added to toothpaste.

If you work in a factory that makes or uses tin, you may be exposed to higher than normal levels of tin. Breathing tin dusts or vapors can expose you to tin compounds. Tin compounds can enter the environment unintentionally. If you live near a hazardous waste site, you can be exposed to a lot of things. The public is not exposed to much tin in the air and water.

The amount of tin in the air may be higher.

Children eat dirt when they play.

Some soils may have as much as 200 ppm. The exposure to tin through eating soil would be very low if it was assumed that a child eats 200 grams of soil per day.

You can be exposed to organotin compounds if you eat shellfish from coastal waters or contact household products that contain organotin compounds. In Canada, pipes made of polyvinylchloride are used in the distribution of drinking water because they contain organotin compounds.

Tin can enter your body when you eat contaminated food or water, touch or eat soil that contains tin, or breathe fumes or dust that contain tin. Tin compounds can enter your body from exposure to polluted air, water, or soil. Tin enters your bloodstream very little when you eat it. The tin leaves your body in your feces.

tin leaves your body in your urine Tin can remain in your lungs if you breathe in air that contains tin vapors or dust.

If the amount is small, this does not affect breathing. If you swallow metallic tin particles, you will excrete them in your feces. tin can't enter through the skin. Your body can get rid of most tin in a few weeks, but some can stay in your body for a while. Tin compounds leave the body quickly.

Tin can be found in bone for a long time.

Scientists use a variety of tests to find ways to treat people who have been affected by toxic chemicals and to protect the public.

One way to determine if a chemical will harm a person is to see if the chemical is absorbed by the body. It may be necessary to test certain chemicals on animals. Cancer or birth defects can be identified through animal testing.

Without laboratory animals, scientists would lose a method of obtaining information that is important to public health. Scientists have a responsibility to care for research animals. Scientists must follow strict regulations for the care of animals in order to protect the welfare of research animals.

Tin compounds do not cause harm because they enter and leave the body quickly. People who took large amounts of tin in a clinical study had a number of health problems.

The effects of tin in animals are similar to those seen in humans. There is no evidence that tin compounds affect reproduction, birth defects or genetic alterations.

It's not known if tin compounds cause cancer.

Inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact with some organotin compounds have been shown to produce deleterious effects in humans, but the primary effect depends on the type of organotin compound. Humans have been exposed to high amounts of some organotin compounds and have suffered a variety of health problems. Neurological problems persisted after the poisoning. Fatal cases of poisoning have been described as a result of ingestion of very high amounts.

Some organotin compounds affect the immune system, while others affect the nervous system. There are some compounds that have very low toxicity. Scientists are unsure if exposure to certain organotin compounds in pregnant rats and mice will cause birth defects in the mother.

Some animal studies suggest that the reproductive organs of male animals may be affected. There are no studies of cancer in humans who have been exposed to organotin compounds. There are animal studies suggesting that some organotin compounds can cause cancer.

The EPA has determined that an organotin compound, tributyltin oxide, is not a carcinogen because of the lack of human data and uncertain data from a rat study. It is not known if it causes cancer in humans.

The section discusses the possible health effects on humans during the period from conception to 18 years old.

Children can be exposed to tin compounds in the same way as adults if they are exposed to contaminated soil or near hazardous waste sites. Children who eat a lot of soil may be exposed to larger amounts of tin if the soil is contaminated.

Children can be exposed if a family member works with tin compounds and brings tin home with them.

There are no studies on the health of children who have been exposed to tin compounds. It is reasonable to assume that children will have similar effects to those seen in adults.

We don't know if children are more vulnerable to the effects of tin compounds than adults. In humans and animals exposed to tin or its compounds, there are no known cases of developmental disorders.

Animal studies show that organotin compounds can reach the fetus. Birth defects are caused byRodent exposure to certain organotin compounds. The studies show that this happens only at the highest levels of toxicity to the mother.

Additional studies are needed to clarify this point. Rats exposed to tributyltin during their pregnancies had neurological problems as young adults, according to a study. A study of rats exposed to tributyltin during pregnancy and lactation showed impaired development in female rats.

There has been no report of tin or tin compounds in human breast milk. There is no direct evidence that these compounds are passed to the offspring.

If your doctor discovers that you have been exposed to a lot of tin or tin compounds, ask if your children have also been exposed. Your doctor may need to ask the state health department about the situation.

Children living near hazardous waste sites may be exposed to higher than normal environmental amounts of tin by breathing contaminated air or by skin contact or ingestion of contaminated soil.

Children should not eat dirt. Make sure they wash their hands before eating. Children shouldn't put their hands in their mouths.

Stannous difluoride is found in some dental products. Children should not swallow these products.

We can't avoid being exposed to tin since it's naturally present in the environment. The main route of exposure to tin is through canned goods. Reducing your consumption of these products will reduce your exposure to tin.

If you store unused portions of cans in different containers, you can reduce your exposure to tin since the concentration of tin in food increases if you store it in open cans. You may be exposed to organotin compounds by eating shellfish from areas that may be contaminated with these compounds or by contact with household products that contain organotin compounds. Reducing your consumption of shellfish from areas contaminated with these compounds and reducing your contact with household products that contain organotin compounds can help you reduce your exposure to these compounds. If you are exposed to large amounts of tin or tin compounds, you need to see a doctor.